Kennst du das Schmerzgesicht deiner Katze? Nein? Die Grundlage einer guten Kommunikation mit deiner Katze ist zu wissen, wie es ihr geht. Der Gesundheitszustand hat maßgeblichen Einfluss auf ihren Angst- und Stresspegel und damit auch auf ihr Verhalten.
Ich erkläre dir, wie du am Gesicht deiner Katze erkennst, ob sie Schmerzen hat. Dabei zeige ich dir mit dem “Feline Grimace Scale” ein tolles Tool, das dich dabei unterstützt, die Mimik deiner Katze zu lesen und mit dem du lernst, was ein schmerzfreies von einem schmerzvollen Katzengesicht unterscheidet.
Warum das Gesicht deiner Katze für eure Kommunikation wichtig ist
Katzen leiden im Stillen. Und verbergen Krankheiten instinktiv sehr lange. Es liegt in ihrer Natur, ebenso wie ihre Vorfahren, keine Schmerzen, keine Schwäche zu zeigen. Als Überbleibsel früherer Zeiten, als verletzte Tiere schnell zur Beute anderer Raubtiere wurden. So liegt es in unserer Verantwortung, die subtilen Zeichen zu lesen und zu erkennen, wenn es unseren Samtpfoten nicht gut geht.
Neben einer Veränderung der Körpersprache und Verhaltensveränderungen, spielt die Mimik eine wichtige Rolle in der Schmerzerkennung deiner Katze. Ich stelle dir nun ein richtig tolles Tool vor, das du nutzen kannst, um zu erkennen, ob deine Katze Schmerzen hat und wenn ja, wie stark sie sind.
Die Feline Grimace Scale zur Schmerzgradbestimmung bei deiner Katze
Beim Feline Grimace Scale handelt es sich um einen Fragebogen mit Punktesystem, den du ausfüllst. Du kannst durch fünf Merkmale ermitteln, ob deine Katze gerade keine, geringe, mittelmäßige oder mittelmäßige bis starke Schmerzen hat.
Entwickelt von der Universität Montreal, haben die Forscher dieselbe Katzen einmal mit und ohne Schmerzen fotografiert. Im Anschluss verglichen sie die Bilder unter mathematischen Aspekten miteinander. Und fanden dabei heraus: Hat eine Katze Schmerzen, zieht sich alles in ihrem Gesicht zusammen. Es verspannt sich so, dass es Einfluss auf die Abstände zwischen den einzelnen Gesichtsteilen hat und in welcher Distanz die Gesichtsmerkmale zueinander stehen. So konnten die Forscher beispielsweise die Veränderung zwischen dem Abstand der Ohren nachvollziehen.
Selbsttest mit Peanut und Louis
Ich habe das Ganze bei Peanut ausprobiert. Habe also einmal ein Foto von Peanie mit Schmerzen geschossen und eines, auf dem sie schmerzfrei von ihrer Arthrose ist.
Dann habe ich versucht, die beiden Bilder zusammenzufügen. Aber es wollte einfach nicht funktionieren: Die beiden Gesichtshälften haben nicht symmetrisch zusammengepasst. Was sich so erklären lässt, dass das Gesicht sich eben verändert, wenn sie Schmerzen hat und eine andere Symmetrie bildet, als wenn sie entspannt und schmerzfrei ist.
Zum Vergleich habe ich zwei Bilder von Louis gemacht, auf denen er entspannt ist.
So nutzt du die Schmerzgrad-Skala zur Schmerzerkennung bei deiner Katze
Also, welche Anzeichen weisen darauf hin, dass deine Katze Schmerzen hat. Worauf solltest du achten?
Am besten holst du dir die App oder lädst dir das PDF zum Feline Grimace Scale herunter. Das Tolle ist, dass du Beispielbilder für die drei verschiedenen Zustände bekommst, die du als Vergleich heranziehen kannst und anhand derer du Punktzahlen vergibst.
Nimm dir nun 30 Sekunden Zeit, um deine Katze zu beobachten. Wichtig ist, dass sie sich entspannt hingelegt hat. Sich nicht putzt, nicht miaut oder anderweitig abgelenkt oder beschäftigt ist.
Das Punktesystem: Merkmale bei Katzen, um Schmerzen und Schmerzgrad zu erkennen
Nun schaust du dir unter Berücksichtigung von fünf Merkmalen, die du mit einem Punktesystem von 0 bis 2 bewertest, das Gesicht deiner Katze an. Dabei werden fünf verschiedene Körperteile anhand von Fotos abgefragt. Ohren, Augen, Mundbereich, die Schnurrhaare und die Kopfhaltung.
Hat deine Katze keine oder schwache Schmerzen, gibst du 0 Punkte. Schwache bis mittelgradige Schmerzen bekommen 1 Punkt, mittel- bis hochgradiger Schmerz bekommt 2 Punkte. Maximal 10 Punkte sind zu erreichen. Wobei alles ab 4 Punkten ein Indikator dafür ist, dass du deine Katze beim Tierarzt vorstellen darfst und hier eine Schmerzmedikation beurteilt werden darf.
Wenn deine Tierarztpraxis sich nicht sicher ist, ob sich ein Schmerzmittel in der Situation anbietet, empfiehlt die App, dass du am besten 10-15 Minuten wartest und den Test erneut machst. Sollte deine Katze immer noch mindestens eine 4 auf der Feline Grimace Scale haben, lohnt es sich, genauer hinzuschauen. Und eben auch zu beobachten, ob der Wert wieder nach unten geht, wenn deine Katze Schmerzmittel bekommt.
Was sind denn nun die Unterschiede zwischen einem schmerzfreien und einem schmerzvollen Katzengesicht?
Schmerzen ziehen Veränderung in der Mimik deiner Katze nach sich. Um dir ein besseres Bild zu zeichnen, schauen wir uns erst einmal an, wie ein schmerzfreies Katzengesicht aussieht:
Geht es deiner Katze gut, sind ihre Ohren aufgestellt und nach vorne gerichtet. Die Augen sind geöffnet und der Mund entspannt. So dass du quasi kleine Bäckchen erkennen kannst. Ihre Tasthaare hängen entspannt und leicht gebogen nach unten. Der Kopf ist über der Schulterlinie, sodass du ihren Halsbereich siehst.
Hat deine Katze aber schwache bis mittelgradige Schmerzen, können wir das schon an einer leicht veränderten Mimik erkennen: Ihre Ohren sind leicht nach außen gezogen.
Ihre Augen sind nicht mehr ganz geöffnet. Der Mundbereich ist leicht angespannt. Die Tasthaare sind leicht gebogen oder gerade. Der Kopf befindet sich nicht mehr über der Schulterlinie, sondern auf ihr, so dass der Hals verschwindet.
Leidet deine Katze unter mittelgradigen bis hochgradigen Schmerzen sind die
Ohren flach und nach außen gedreht, so dass du den hinteren Bereich des Ohres siehst. Die Augen sind zusammengekniffen, der Mund angespannt. Ihre Tasthaare sind gerade, zeigen vielleicht sogar nach vorne. Der Kopf ist unter der Schulterlinie und oft nach unten gerichtet.
Das Tolle an der App ist, dass du Beispielbilder für die drei verschiedenen Schmerzzustände hast, die du als Vergleich heranziehen kannst. Gehe Körperteil für Körperteil bei deiner Katze durch und vergib deine Punkte.
Nach einiger Zeit brauchst du die App wahrscheinlich nicht mehr. Weil das Prozedere und die Anzeichen dir in Fleisch und Blut übergegangen sind. Dann siehst du bei deinen Katzen relativ einfach, wenn etwas nicht stimmt.
Selbsttest mit Peanut und Louis
Peanut zeigt seit ihrer letzten OP häufiger ihr Schmerzgesicht. Wegen ihrer Arthrose hat sie immer wieder stärkere Schmerzepisoden. Wobei wir selbstverständlich versuchen, sie so gut es geht medikamentös einzustellen. Aber Arthrose ist unberechenbar und wenn das Wetter umschlägt, ist ihr Schmerzlevel höher als im Hochsommer. Mittlerweile kann ich ihre Mimik mittlerweile relativ gut lesen und passe die Medikation dementsprechend an, wenn sie stärkere Schmerzen hat. Wenn die Episode vorbei ist, verringere ich die Dosierung wieder. Dies geschieht immer in Absprache mit meiner Tierärztin und in dem Rahmen den wir gemeinsam gesetzt haben.
Auch wenn Louis selten unter Schmerzen leidet, hat er vor einiger Zeit starke Schmerzen gezeigt. Im Zuge unseres regelmäßigen Berührungstrainings habe ich ihn abgetastet und hatte relativ schnell die Zähne in Verdacht. Laut Tierärztin sah von außen alles top aus, aber um sicherzugehen, vor allem um FORL auszuschließen, haben wir ein Dentalröntgen vornehmen lassen. Puh, glücklicherweise war es kein FORL, aber ein nicht mehr gutes Zähnchen, das raus musste.
Unterschied mit und ohne Schmerzen bei Peanut
Hier habe ich dir die verschiedenen Gesichtsmerkmalen zur Bestimmung der Schmerzen mittels Feline Grimace Scale von Peanut’s Fotos abgezeichnet. So kannst du den Unterschied zwischen „ohne“ und „mit“ Schmerzen sehr deutlich erkennen.
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Kennst du das Schmerzgesicht deiner Katze, stellst du sicher, das sie gesehen wird
Du siehst, wie sinnvoll es für uns als Katzenmenschen ist, erkennen zu können, wenn unsere Katzen Schmerzen zeigen. Da sie still leiden, ist es von entscheidender Bedeutung, die subtilen Signale zu erkennen, die darauf hinweisen, dass es ihnen nicht gut geht. Nur durch dieses Bewusstsein können wir sicherstellen, dass sie die Unterstützung und Behandlung erhalten, die sie benötigen. Sei es bei temporären als auch bei chronischen Erkrankungen wie Arthrose oder versteckten Problemen wie FORL. Diese Erkrankungen müssen therapiert werden, sie gehen nicht von alleine weg,
Die Schmerzerkennung als Grundlage für harmonische Katze-Mensch-Teams
Die Grundlage für eine gelungene Kommunikation mit deiner Katze liegt im Verständnis ihres aktuellen Gesundheitszustands, einschließlich der Erkennung von Schmerzen. Dies ist unerlässlich für die Harmonie zwischen Katze und Mensch und ermöglicht es dir, ihr Verhalten angemessen zu interpretieren. Durch die Kombination mit deinen weiteren Beobachtungen zu deiner Katze lassen sich viele Verhaltensweisen leichter erklären, was wiederum den Weg für effektive Lösungen ebnet.
Wenn du tiefer in das Thema eintauchen möchtest, lade ich dich ein, meinen genauer zu erkunden. Dort findest du nicht nur eine Fülle an Informationen, die dir und deinen Katzen zugutekommen, sondern du erhältst auch exklusiven Zugang zur Workshop-Aufzeichnung mit der Tierärztin Denise Riggers, die sich intensiv mit der Schmerzerkennung bei Katzen befasst.
Liebe Grüße
Chris
